Paint and varnish vehicle.



cAaLE'roN ELLIS, or LAaoHMoNr, NEW roan.

PAINT Ann vAauIsH- VEHICLE.

1,1? ,iii No Drawing.

Specification of Iletters Patient. Application filed may 12, 1909. Serial No. 495,416?

renam d Feb. 13, 1912.

- To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CARLEToN ELLIS, citizen of the United States, residing at Larchmont, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented certaln new and useful Improvements in Paint and Varnish Vehicles, of which the following u in the package.

is a specification.

This invention relates to the solvent 1ntended for use in the manufacture of paints and varnishes in lieu of spirits of turpentine and similar resin oils.

It has been observed that turpentine has a bleaching action on many pigments, and

in some cases, this is so noticeable that delicate shades of color are ruined on standing for considerable period in cans containing turpentine. This action .is possibly due to oxygen or ozone liberated by the turpentine, as it is well'known that turpentine is active in this respect. It has often been observed that the cork stoppers in bottles containing turpentine are quickly bleached to a light yellow color due to this property of the turpentine or its vapors.

The object of 'the present invention is to provide a solvent in the manufacture of paints and varnishes which is practically 'free from bleaching action thereby permitting the use of most delicate colors or pigments Without danger of change on standing I For this purpose, I make use of apetroleum product obtained in the distillation of petroleum, intermediate benzin and kerozene in boiling point, and having a flash point of from say 90 F. to 110 F. This hydrocarbon oil has an agreeable odor and forms the basis of my improved.

composition. It is combined with a quanti'ty of a blending solvent such as solvent naphtha or heavy naphtha having a flash point of about the same order as the light kerosene petroleum. In combining oils such as spirits of turpentine and pine oil with the light kerosene hydrocarbon, a turbid mixture is produced and this mixt-ureds unsuitable for admixture of paints and varnishes as it produces 'alligatoring and creeping of the varnish and in fact even retards the drying of the varnish oil; in case of paint, it is liable to produce a coat which scales readily or becomes chalky. By the method hereinafter described, the composition may however be put into a refined condition which overcomes these objections producing a solvent for paint and varnish which evaporates with the desired rapidity, not so rapidly but that the coating may be brushed'out to a smooth layer free from brush marks, nor so slowly as to produce avcoating exhibiting tackiness for a long period. The method involved produces a clear Waterwhite solution which. has an odor somewhat may be used in lieu of turpentine or if desired to partially displace it in paint or varnish mixtures of nearly every description.

A formula suitable for thinning kauri varnish or similar hard copal varnishes, consists of the aforesaid light kerosene hydrocarbon 80, parts, solvent naphtha flashing at 100 F., 12 parts and turpentine 8 parts. This mixture is allowed" to age, preferably in the dark, for six days and is then filtered through fullers earth. The first runnings from the fullers earth are to be rejected and may be mixed with some of the fresh solvent mixture and allowed to age again. the first runnings which constituteionly from 3 to 5% of the solvent mixture, the filtrate may be collected and is ready for use.

Another composition suitable for rosin varnishes and those made from Manila copal and other soft resins, consists of the light kerosene hydrocarbon 85 parts, solvent naphtha 10 parts, pine oil 5 parts. This is aged for three days and then filtered through fullers earth.

Still another formula illustrative of my improved composition consists of the light kerosene hydrocarbon 274 parts, spirits of turpentine 22 parts and pine oil 4 parts. This is aged in the dark for from four to'six 7 days and filtered through a deep layer of fullers earth.

Another composition well adapted for use in the manufacture of paints or for thinning paints consists of the. light kerosene hydrocarbon 275 parts, and spirits of turpentine 25 parts. This should be aged for several days and filtered.

The filtration to be effective and to produce the qualities of the composite solvent .as above indicated must not be conducted until the aging process is complete, as other wise reaction or change takes placev in the filtered product resulting in a solvent having a bad effect on paint and varnish. For that reason, it is better to age for at least the time above specified and preferably longer although the periods above mentioned are-usually sufficient to give a solvent havresembling that of turpentine and which After ing the requisite qualities: Just what the character of the change is which occurs in the aging, I am not able to say; it suflices to state that during the operation of aging and subsequent filtration, the. blending of the solvent is clear and free from objectionable odor and is most eflective as a thinning and reducing material in the manufacture of paints and varnishes.

The pine oil referred to is obtained in the manufacture of wood turpentine and is the heavier oil remaining in the still after the removal of the lighter fractions, or wood 'tur 'entine distillate and contains terpineol an similar bodies. Even in small proportions, it has a desirable action in tending to prevent alligatoring of certain varnishes and paints when these. are thinned with pe troleum hydrocarbon mediums.

iHaving described my invention to the details of which description I do not of course wish to limit myself, what I claim is: I

' l. A paint thinning composition comprising the clarified product from aging andfiltration of a. mixture of light-kerosene hydrocarbon, flashi turpentine and pine oil.

ng at not-less than 90 F.,

2. A paint thinning composition comprising a clear mixture of light mineral hydrocarbon, flashing at not less than 90 F.,

spirits of turpentine and a modicum of pine 40 110 F..spirits of turpentine and a modicum .of pine oi l.

5. A paint thinning composition, oom-- prising a. clear mixture ofa light mineral hydrocarbon, flashing between 90 F. arid 6. A paint thinning composition compris ing light kerosene hydrocarbon, 274'parts, spirits of turpentine, 22 parts, and pine oil, 4 parts.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in presence of 'two witnesses.

v CARLETON ELLIS.

, 'Witnesses: J x

NATHANIEL L. Fos'rm', FRANCES I. NEWMAN. 

